«Žurnal mikrobiologii, èpidemiologii i immunobiologii» (parallel title: «Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology») was founded in 1924. Until 1929, it was published under the title «Journal of Microbiology, Pathology and Infectious Disease», until 1934 — «Journal of Microbiology and Immunobiology». The first editorial board of «Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology» (1935) included such well-known scientists as A.I. Abrikosov, S.V. Korshun, F.Ya. Chistovich and others, academicians of the Academy of Medical Sciences V.D. Belyakov, A.F. Bilibin, I.N. Blokhin, P.N. Burgasov, P.A. Vershilova, A.A. Vorobev, G.V. Vygodchikov, V.M. Zhdanov, P. F. Zdradovsky, S. V. Prozorovsky and others. The editorial board included Dr. Sc. A.T. Kravchenko, L.V. Kovalchuk, V.S. Levashev, V.Yu. Litvin, V.V. Sergeev, A.A. Sumarokov, V.G. Petrovskaya and others.
The first Editor-in-Chief was L.A. Tarasevich, then the journal was headed by I.L. Krichevsky, V.A. Lyubarsky, A.M. Krinitsky, I.I. Ragozin, L.V. Gromashevsky, V.D. Timakov, I.I. Elkin, B.F. Semenov. Since 2011, the Editor-in-Chief is Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.V. Zverev.
The journal was the first to publish reliable data on the appearance of HIV patients in Russia; published by order of the organization «Médecins Sans Frontières» a number dedicated to HIV/AIDS; reported a case of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Russia; provided detailed information on the eradication of poliomyelitis in Europe.
The founders for a long period included the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance under the President of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation, and the Public Organization «Union of Pediatricians of Russia». The permanent founder of the Journal is the Russian Scientific Society of Epidemiologists, Microbiologists and Parasitologists. Since 2018, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being entered the founders as a Publisher.
According to the Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI), the two-year impact factor of the Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology for 2019 was 0.658, the five-year impact factor was 0.463 (detailed information on the website: www.elibrary.ru).